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Trouble down under over portrait art prize (Thursday 13 May, 2004)

compiled by Liz Aders

The Archibald Prize is one of the world's most established portrait prizes, but it is equally famous for creating controversy. The prize is awarded each year by the trustees of the Art Gallery of New South Wales. This year, it was won by artist Craig Ruddy for a charcoal-and-graphite sketch of Aboriginal actor David Gulpilil, called Two worlds. The work not only won the artist a cool AUD $35,000 but 11,455 voted the work the People's Choice for the 2004 Archibald Prize, the second time a work has won the approval of the trustees and the public.

Craig Ruddy's majestic charcoal-and-graphite sketch 'David Gulphili' should not have been awarded the Archibald Prize according to a fellow-exhibitor, Tony Johansen. Image held here

However, the exhibition, which is to close in Sydney this Sunday, is embroiled once again in controversy. Tony Johansen, an artist who has entered the Archibald prize for the last eight years, has taken legal action against the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Johansen believes Ruddy's work is not valid as it is a drawing and not a painting. The rules of entry for the Archibald Prize state the prize is to be awarded for an image "preferentially of some man or woman distinguished in Art, Letters, Science or Politics, painted by any artist in Australasia during the 12 months preceding the [closing] date fixed by the trustees." See regulations here. Johansen will lodge a writ with the Supreme Court this morning, Australian time. Johansen says that although the winning portrait is a wonderful work of art, it is in fact a drawing and should not have won this prize:

It's a beautiful work of art, it should be entered in drawing prizes and other competitions which don't specify a painting, and I'm sure it could win many, many prizes, it's just that for this particular exhibition it is ineligible.

Janet Lawrence, one of the judges for the annual portrait prize, believes the portrait to be a painting.

At no time in the early discussions did this come up and certainly from my experience of the work I would've have had no question at all about it fitting into being a painting.

The Art Gallery of New South Wales has refused to comment on the action, but will be sure to enjoy enormous publicity surrounding the action (but not enjoy the large legal bill). Indeed, the gallery is accustomed to litigious exhibitions - in 1944 Sir William Dobell's portrait of artist Joshua Smith was unsuccessfully challenged on the grounds it was actually a caricature, and not a portrait.

Caricature or portrait? Sir William Dobell's 1943 Portrait of Joshua Smith which overcame a lawsuit from fellow exhibitors. Image held here

Dobell won the historic lawsuit, resulting in an expanded concept of what portraiture was, ensuring abstract and conventional portraits would consequently be submitted to the award.

In 1975, artist John Bloomfield's portrait of film director Tim Burstall won the Archibald Prize, but had the prize was withdrawn when it was revealed he had done the painting from a photograph and not from life. Artist Eric Smith survived a 1981 challenge to his portrait of gallery owner Rudy Komon which was also identical to a photograph.

A poll running on an Australian newspaper shows 50% of readers believe the lawsuit is sour grapes. Johansen commented:

Well, sour grapes comes up very easily and it seems to me a great shame in this country, artistic criticism can be reduced to what is effectively name-calling. Archibald was very clear in what he wanted. He wanted to nurture Australian portrait painting.

Wining artist Craig Ruddy declined to comment, except to state that Section 14 of the conditions of entry for the prize said the entries could be in "oil, acrylic, watercolour [or] mixed media."

 

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For a full list of news items, click here.

Latest reader feedback:
News item 603  I have to say I agree with Circa. I have been working on a projec...
News item 624  The idea of exhibiting a group of objects bought on eBay, though ...
News item 617  It'd be interesting to see how many visitors attended the gallery...
News item 603  re. Comment 2 - most people who get turned down for grants have t...
News item 603  'sour grapes aside, what are culture ireland up to?' i think we n...
News item 606  hang on a minute... surely the feller who won the prize at art st...
News item 603  As someone who received a grant from Culture Ireland this year, f...
News item 602  try and make work that doesn't topple over in future!...

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Do you have an opinion on this news item? If so, please click here for our comments form.

Responses so far
Comment 1 As someone who runs a small scale art award in Auckland, New
Zealand, I know the trouble that categorising by medium can
cause and my opinion is that it comes down to the judges'
option to accept the work at the time of entry as well as
specifics and details of conditions of entry, such as that
listed by the winning artist, that determines eligibility
and hence conclude the work is a worthy winner.
Comment 2 i hate archibald prize
Comment 3 Archibald was a great man who gave a gift with conditions.
We need to respect his will. The Trustees don't seem to
consider that it is not their money it is Archibalds and
the artist's. It is not fair to the other competitors when
effectively a cake competition is won by a jam.
Comment 4 The Archibald is crooked at the best of times, 'mate'. At
least it could pretend to stick to the rules!
Comment 5 Screw the rules, this is an artwork that deserved to win, it
even looks like a painting, sure, it would of been very
hard to get the effect of the hair in painting, the artist
has certainly put alot of thought into his work, and who
would have thought to put wallpaper from colonial english
into the artwork?
I'm really sure no other artist would have dared too.
Comment 6 I believe that art is branching out in so many different
directions at the moment that without losing the importance
and backgrond of the Archibald Prize which is personal
expression to a portraiture , this competition or prize
would not be able to grow. The Archibald has changed
becoming more expressive, abstract and personal. That is
why mixed media is a specification, it allows artists to
grow become more experimental and it continues to lay the
path that portrait painting has been travelling on within
the last century. Craig Ruddy has produced an excellent
artwork and it has been recognised as that, even if Ruddy
is stripped of his prize on political terms no one will be
able to strip him of his talent or his artwork of its
asthetic and appealing qualities.
Comment 7 I don't think anyone suggests the Ruddy work is anything
other than excellent but there is no shortage of other
competitions where it fits the criteria for that comp,
including comps that pay bigger bucks. The point is if
other works are excluded as not complying because they
don't fit the trustees interpretation of the bequest eg a
painted sculpture or a photo with some paint and charcoal
on it, or even a video of a painted work (all of which fit
the same elastic interpretation of Archibalds will as much
as Ruddys work does) Then so long as some are excluded and
others accepted there is an inherent injustice occuring.
The trustees themselves recognised some years ago that
excellent work like Ruddys were not elegible for the
existing comps at the AGNSW and instituted The Dobell
Drawing Prize. Fairness dictates that the Trustees should
have assesed the acceptability of the Ruddy drawing interms
of the bequest and maybe suggested the work be entered in
the Dobell Prize. The evidence is that they didn't even
cosider the rules this year as I understand that there may
be as many as 5 finalists being questioned for not
conforming to 1 rule or another. Meanwhile the political
nature of the prize means the rues are bent for some yet
when John Bloomfield bent the rules and claimed that even
though his work was from a photo (as per modern practice)
the Trustees took him to court and took megabucks off him.
As to adventurous artwork not possible under Archibalds
original terms, just look at Whiteley's winner in the late
70's. If there are no adventurous entries that is the fault
of the artists, not Archibald. All thats required is a
level playing field that comes from applying Archibalds
terms equally to everyone.
Comment 8 I have to admit i am what some people would call 'sitting on
the fence'. I do agree with Johansen, that it is a
'drawing, not a painting', but I also can see it from
Ruddy's side. How do we know that he didn't mix the
charcoal with a little water and paint it on with a brush?
The water would have dried and left nothing but a
normal-looking charcoal effect. And, how exactly can you
define 'mixed media'? The contest didn't specify the
limitations to that, so why can't the competitors use what
they want?
Comment 9 I would like to see a picture of John Bloomfield's portrait
of Tim Burstall
Comment 10 Mixed media can include all forms of 'drawing'as well as
charcoal, graphite and other similar mediums. Why not
appreciate the artwork and accept that the judges have made
their opinion?
Comment 11 I reckon Craig's portrait of 'David Gulphili' is unique and
is ought to be awarded the Archibald Prize.
Comment 12 Hi everyone. I am doing a practice exam for Studio Art -
painting / drawing and I have to express an opinion on the
Archibald Prize 2004. I think that if he was allowed to
enter the competition - knowing that the submission was a
charcoal based work than he should be allowed to win it.
Also the rules dont specify exaclty what other 'mixed
media' allowed. YAY!
Comment 13 Craig Ruddy's is a great portrait with a great concept and
theme which captures David very well. It deserved to win
both prizes and if you don't think so that's your opinion.
And besides, he did use paint if you didn't realise - he
used charcoal, pencils and acrylic paint so there.
Comment 14 he won.
Comment 15
go art

hahahaha

so yep

go who wins
Comment 16 I think the Archibald Prize is a great thing for school
students to study in art. I found it hard to research for a
winner of the Archibald Prize with all the information I
needed because I had to look up more then 3 sites. This
site gave me most of the information but I couldn't find
the size of the painting.You need to have photos of the
portriats actually in the gallery to give viewers a better
veiw of what it looks like. I think the Archibald Prize is
great and I enjoyed researching it for my year 7 project.

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